Rural vs. Country Living

Sean Stafford 11/11/12 Living Urban Vs. Rural The on-going debate of living in the city vs. country is very controversial in many people’s eyes but, the city has much more to offer economically, socially and in many other ways more convenient. Being able to meet your needs conveniently and to travel in a car less is what makes the city a lot easier to live in. Therefore, Living in the city is much more beneficial than living in the rural areas.Being able to walk around different places that offer different things to meet your needs specifically is something we could dream of, well in the setting of a city you are able to virtually walk anywhere and either takes a metro or taxi and you will arrive at your destination quicker than ever. Living in the city brings a sort of social structure in a way because when you live in the Country your nearest neighbor may be a mile away. There may be times when you won’t see another human being for days unless you go somewhere off of your property.And f you so much as run out of milk it means a trip in the car. Mechanics and most services are not close It is not easy if your car breaks down and your nearest mechanic is 30 miles away. Secondly, there are many kind of public transport such as train, tram, bus, taxi in the city and there are many streets. On the other hands, in the country they do not have many streets so therefore making the city transport system more complex but in a better way.Again the convenience in the city is better than the convenience in the country. It is easy to make more friends because people living in a city are more friendly and happier with their friends. On the other hand, in the country people are less open minded to make friends with someone they have never met. Another factor that has to do with the well being of a person is getting sick, and health in the city is better than in the country, In city there are many hospitals. Lastly,

Potato Lab

Michael Castelli Keegan Bauman Potato Lab Dr. Peano Block 1 Introduction: Potatoes are just your average food; they have been around for as long as the human race can remember. In this lab we will make them be a prime example of osmosis, which is a transport mechanism. In this lab the problem being tested was what environment affects the mass of the potatoes the most. The independent variable is the environments used salt, water and iodine solution. The dependent variable is the mass of the potato after being exposed to the environment for 5 days.The control was a potato in no specific environment, meaning it is just sitting in air, no salt and no water/iodine solution. If the potato is exposed to a specific (hypotonic/hypertonic) environment then the mass will increase/decrease because the cell will grow or shrink due to the environment exposed to. Experimental Design: The groups being testes are the hypotonic environment (water and iodine), hypertonic environment (Salt) and the con trol which is just the potato in just the beaker. The time the potatoes stay in each environment is 5 days.One potato is in 300mL of water and iodine solution, another is in 300mL of salt and the last potato is just in air. The potatoes are all fully peeled with no skin. The potatoes are in 3 different beakers with saran wrap over the top of each beaker. Materials: 3 potatoes Potato peeler 3; 500mL beakers 300mL of salt 300mL water 50 drops of iodine Saran wrap Safety goggles Triple beam balance Procedure: 1. Gather materials above 2. Put on goggles 3. Be safe 4. Peel three potatoes over garbage 5. Take mass of each potato 6. Record 7.Put three potatoes in three different beakers 8. Leave one potato in just the beaker (control) 9. In another beaker put 300 mL of water in with 50 drops of iodine (hypotonic environment) 10. In last beaker put 30mL of salt ensuring potato is covered. (hypertonic environment) 11. Put saran wrap over all the beakers 12. Make sure the beakers are sealed 1 3. Let potatoes sit in environment for 5 days 14. Take potatoes out of environment after five days 15. Take mass of each potato 16. Record 17. Record change in mass 18. Observe 9. See if hypothesis was true 20. Write lab Data: Mass of Potato in Environments | Control (Nothing) | Hypotonic Environment (Water and iodine) | Hyper tonic environment (Salt) | Starting mass | 129. 6g| 135. 5g| 144. 1g| Ending mass | 128. 6g| 150. 8g| 102. 2g| Change in mass | -1g| +15. 3g| -41. 9g| Mass of Potato in Environment (In Grams) Weight in Grams Environment Results: The results did not have any outcome that was not expected. The control changed only a single gram in mass, the hypertonic environment grew by 15. 3 grams.On the chart above it is below the graph because the starting mass was taken, then the mass after being in the environment was taken, and the result was -15. 3g hence the reason it appears to be negative. The hypotonic got lost 41. 9g of mass. Conclusion: The results that were taken were clear. The hypothesis was correct, based on the environment the potato was in it either grew or shrunk because it was exposed to the (hypotonic/hypertonic) environment. The results are valid because there were no variables in the experiment and also the results were ones that were expected.In the hypertonic environment the potato grew (as it was expected to) and in the hypotonic environment it shrunk (as it was expected to). The potatoes were expected to do so because when a cell is in a hypertonic environment water tends to flow into the cell, while in a hypotonic environment the water flows out of the cell. This was proven in this experiment. There were no changes to the procedure made. There will be no changes to the procedure if the experiment is replicated again.

Innovation In Organizations That Stems From `The Concept Of `National Systems Of Innovation`

The vicissitude in human wants and the desires to progress in ways of conducting their activities has brought about the need to embrace constantly means to bring about innovation in technology and pattern of operating a business concern. The concept on National System of Innovation (NSI) has to do with a collaborative effort between organizations in the public sector and their counterpart in private sector to form a network in bringing initiatives that would culminate into innovative technologies.According to Freeman (1987), who first used the concept in published form, he defined National System of Innovation as â€Å"†¦the network of institutions in the public and private sectors whose activities and interactions initiate, import, and diffuse new technologies†. NSI, thus includes those political, social, economical, cultural, organizational and institutional factors that promotes innovation and its utilization (Edquist, 1997: 14, cited in Edquist 2003: 4).For National S ystem of Innovation, theories have being amply utilized in bringing about innovation creativity as pertaining to national dimension. Theories are abstractions from the real world to give and show the existing relationship between or among a variables or a given phenomenon. Thus, they are as map used in showing the direction of the known from the unknown. In social sciences, scholars had propounded diverse theories in explaining different social different situations. However, other methodologies had being utilized for NSI, other than theoretical approach.These include empirical case studies approach, while other focus more on research and development system (Edquist 2003). Outside the National System Innovation, there are other genres of innovation development pertaining to sub political geographical sector, example the Regional System Innovation, and Local System Innovation. System Innovative concept could be categorized into product innovations and process innovations. Product inno vations embrace new or better product or services, both in material form and intangibles.While, process innovation entails new ways of producing goods and services. Both system innovation concepts maybe technological or organizational based. Giving an illustration on the usefulness of National System Innovation Freeman (1987), explains that Japanese industry and innovative performance, during its post war era is linked on the competence of its national system to direct resources to innovation and investment in new strategic activities. Lundvall (1998) used three central points to distinguished economics of innovation with the neoclassical mainstream economies.Firstly, economic of innovation focus more on change, while the neo classical economics is mostly central focused. Secondly, the neo-classical economies have general validated theory; while economics of innovation is an open approach that has united theory. Thirdly, agents of change with diversity of variables are central to ne oclassical economies, while economics of innovation evolutionary mechanisms are fundamental.This write-up will be specific in analyzing a segment of National System Innovation that pertains to economy geography, i. . industry agglomeration. BACKGROUND TO AGGLOMERATION OR SPATIAL CLUSTERING THEORY Agglomeration as a concept entails the clustering of people or the concentration of economic activities in an area. This concept according to Malmberg & Peter (2001:3) has two angles to it. Firstly, the spatial concentration of people in an urbanized area brings about gains from urbanization economies. â€Å"Agglomeration economies in this sense accrue from the geographical propinquity of industries and services in general† (Maskell 2001:2).Secondly, the advantages ascribed to localization of industries (Industry agglomeration) is numerous in terms of having adequate labour skill, reduced raw material sourcing, technology and infrastructure improvement, having access to subsidiary fi rms services, competitive advantage inter-alia. Firms agglomeration goes a long way to improve the profitability of firms by reducing their costs of exchange of both goods and information (Appold 1995, cited in Malmberg & Maskell 2001:9)Maskell (2001:3) explains that locational economies embrace those economies that arise from the geographical agglomeration of related economic activities. Thus, spatial clustering has to do with the concentration of similar firms in the same industry in a locality. This is what the agglomeration theory or clustering theory entails; that is, it is based on classical issues pertaining economy geography. Literatures on clustering theory have two source of knowledge.This based on ideographic work that has to do with historical origin, and the other is on the development of different typologies of localized clusters that gives advantage to localized firm in form of cost reduction. The ideographic historical approach tries to capture the historical origin and trace the evolution of localized clusters. According to Malmberg & Maskell (2001:4), the knowledge base of ideographic historical approach originate from the event or action which prompted succeeding developments, which sometimes turns out to be related to some more or less traditional factor of location.The activity leading to localization of firms comes from the development in a geographical location, which results in successful economic activity that is accomplished by related subsidiary or supplementary services from similar firms. Furthermore, another reason for the development of clustering is adduced to the fact that firms tend to maintain their location, especially when they are deeply rooted in such areas. This prevents their relocation. According to Ross (1896), cited in Malmberg & Maskell (2001:5), â€Å"The power of a locality to hold an industry greatly exceeds its original power to attract.The new locality must not only excel the old, but it must excel it by margi n enough to more than offset the resisting power of the matrix†. The cost reduction approach gives an explanation to those identified static advantages that is accrued to firms located in close juxtaposition to similar and related firms. This is analysed and weighed in line with the state of firm in isolated location. Geographical space and localization of industry has in the past being amply researched.Scholars noting the role of localization of industry in the effective operation have approached the study of spatial clustering from different dimensions, which include general organizational strategic approach, production process in firms, or analyzing industrial agglomeration from the role of local firm in the globalizing world economy. In innovating new concept or cluster theory, some principles need to be followed. This will go a long way to validate the theory. According to Maskell (2002:14), first such theory should at least have explanation for the existence of the clust er.Secondly, the cluster theory must include an explanation for the growth of the cluster. Thirdly, such theory should be validated on its ability to identify the boundaries of the cluster by identifying the rationale behind clustering of some economies activities against the integration of other economies. The importance of clustering has being linked up to high tech industry and to knowledge based industries. The need for development of innovation in the agglomeration theory is the vast uncoordinated and unified theories by early classical scholars on this field. A KNOWLEDGE-BASED THEORY SPATIAL CLUSTERINGMalmberg Anders and Maskell Peter (2001) developed a theoretical approach in analyzing industry agglomeration, otherwise referred to as spatial clustering. The development of innovative in spatial clustering for these scholars came against the background of their criticisms against the lack of unified theoretical structure adequate in analyzing spatial clustering. Besides these, numerous theoretical concepts on spatial clustering have a sharp contrast with the general lack of work aiming to validate empirical mechanism for spatial clustering, as found in work of scholars on this concept.As a way to find a solution to the lack of unified theoretical structure for industry agglomeration, the innovative work of Malmberg and Maskell (2001) â€Å"investigates the nature of cluster from a knowledge creation or learning perspective†. In this regard, they argue that there should be a need to put in place specific theory of cluster through learning as the major focus. Thus, two significant component of this knowledge-based spatial clustering is that there must be an explanation for the existence of the clustering, and an explanation of the internal organization’s structure.The knowledge-based theory on agglomeration arises from the relations that exist between firms in a cluster setting, in such case this relationship stimulates and encourages the exch anges of information and knowledge. The competition among firms in the same industry tends to prompt the processes that create changes and flexibility, which results in organization learning, and the strategizing to bring about innovation in operations of the firms. This invariably leads to the adoption of new technology resulting from changes in business operations.According to Alvsatm (1998), cited in Malmberg and Maskell (2001) the impact of spatial clustering on the learning and innovation prowess of firms and economic geography have in contemporary times pose a useful way to harness the interactions between scholars of social science in their study of firm competitiveness their learning process and innovation. The difference of the knowledge-based cluster theory, from other from of agglomeration theory, is in its position on the vintage point of upholding the long-term competitiveness among firms.This is determined by the theory ability to capture innovation and engages its pro cesses in continuous learning. Other previous agglomeration theories have taken the part of historical exploration and others the advantages in localization of firms. Spatial closeness of firms have being seem to encourage and make it easy for knowledge spread out and interaction which form the basis for innovation and learning. This creates a context that makes enable analyses for spatial clustering.The criticism on other clustering theory is the difficulties they have in attempting to identify explicitly, empirically and theoretically, the localization economies that account for the existence of clustering. â€Å"†¦they do not contain any theory specifying how the territorial configuration of many co-localized firms in related industries would be able to create knowledge in ways not equally available† (ibid). The development of innovation through clustering theory is argued against in its inability to commence its analyses through identifying how knowledge is shares an d how technology is transferred to encourage firms’ competitiveness.Another shortcoming of cluster theory is in its lack of systematic effort to examine empirically the actual mechanisms outlining the enormity of localization economies. Past efforts have based their empirical study on case study. The problem here is intensified by the fact that biased selections of case study are conducted, which is based on high tech industries and on regional successes of clustering of firms. Furthermore, the elusive nature of former theory on the concept of localization of firms gives the knowledge-base theory a plausible stand.The innovation in knowledge-base spatial cluster theory, as purported by Malmberg and Maskell (2001) is to make the theory more satisfactory in brining better explanation to spatial clustering than previous theories. As Maskell (2001b), argued a reasonable theory of spatial clustering must include a clarification for the presence of the cluster. In this case, it sho uld specify the processes that prompt similar firms to cluster in a particular area. A theory must contain explanation for the internal organization of cluster.Furthermore, an explanation should be given for those advantages that are accrued to firms concentrating as cluster in a particular location. Finally, the theory should be dynamic in such a way that it encompasses the eventually rationale for decline in the success of clusters. The knowledge-based spatial cluster theory for it implementation to be useful dispersed knowledge need to be gathered and reassembled for learning among the clustered firms.This should be subject to prior to the period before knowledge-bases of firms has grown enough outside the interaction to implement learning, and the ceiling period when cognitive distance becomes very large for firm to collapse together. â€Å"The innovative capabilities of firms are enhanced because co-location can provide them with an arsenal of instruments to obtain and underst and even the most subtle, elusive and complex information of possible relevance developed because they were separate firms pursuing their individual agenda† (ibid).The point of departure of knowledge-based agglomeration theory from the other theories is that other theories focus primarily on the formal institutional structure, cultural and linguistic aspects of firms in a cluster setting. The knowledge-base theory focuses on the business transactions between related firms, and through this, accurate analyses based on information from these transactions are generated.The reliance on ordinary analyses based on institutional structure such as cultural and linguistics aspects of firms’ concentration this will be good for a local innovative system learning process. However, the exchange of information and ideas associated with the frequent contact and learning derived from business transactions will be a right basis for creating new ideas and innovation. The thrust of the kn owledge-base agglomeration theory argument is that spatial clustering should play down on cost efficiencies in favour of concentrating on ways in which clustering enhances knowledge creation.This is a departure from the research argument on spatial clustering, where it highlights the implication of propinquity and distance, institutional structure and local setting on economic processes. RELATIVE SIGNIFICANT OF KNOWLEDGE-BASED AGGLOMERATION THEORY TO SPATIAL CLUSTERING FIELD The knowledge-based theory is widely adopted in recent research on spatial clustering and economic geography on agglomeration. According to Dahl (2001), the conception of knowledge has strong impact on the connection between innovation and geography.This is because of the social interaction that is germane in knowledge dissemination that is important knowledge in innovation process. Firm’s agglomeration is thus, link to their quest to access tacit knowledge in specific areas. Knowledge creation process ca n be accessed through planned resource generating institutions, such as education system, universities, public research centres, and research and development department in firms. Secondly, knowledge is generated through firm learning processes in firms. Learning forms an important feature in innovation process.This attribute the significance the knowledge-base theory is in National System Innovation, as pertaining deriving the economic benefit of firm’s agglomeration. â€Å"A significant amount of innovation and improvements rely on individual learning process or learning by using processes from firms† (ibid). The difficulty associated with transferring knowledge from a firm to another, requires face-to-face interactions for knowledge transfer to be effective. This is a reason why firm concentrate and cluster in an area for exchanges and knowledge gaining.Thus, this result in clustering firms who are in competitions and their suppliers in a location. Getting informatio n on ways an organization rivals operate tends to give the organization the means to formulate strategy to make it compete favourably in the industry it operates. Firms that are located somewhere else may be tempted into relocating to another area where it perceive it has the advantage of getting better access to local based knowledge or supply or customers (Maskell & Kebir 2001).Knowledge based theory in clustering is also significant in the sense that it promotes national growth through research and development utilized for planning in information derived from firms operations within a clustered location. Technology- based firms locating in geographic proximity have utilized the advantage in localization to higher educational institution to benefit from technology transfer and spill over which culminate in economic growth for the region (Audrestsch 1998 et al, cited in Biron & Malone 2007).Knowledge spillover is a part of firm agglomeration that makes the phenomenon beneficial in the exchange of knowledge. Efficiency of firm in a clustered relationship has being linked to knowledge spill over. The growth of firms in an agglomerated setting leads to backward and forward linkages as advantages derived from the consolidated workforce with specified skills and knowledge spillovers (Athreye, 2000). The knowledge spillovers may come in form of sharing of information on new technologies in informal meetings among staffers of different organizations in the same locality.Thus, the knowledge-base cluster theory has significantly given explanation to the existence of cluster, its extension, and exhaustive argument on firms’ agglomeration. CONCLUSION National System Innovation is a process of developing innovative pattern of operating in a state. There are regional and local versions of system innovation. Looking at the agglomeration theory, it is perceived as a theory that goes to show how clustering of firms tends to bring about economic development and interna l development for the firms.However, the uncoordinated and ineffective way of explanation the existence, extension and arguments on the concept lead to the innovation of another method of analysing agglomeration of firms. The previous economic innovations and the historical and cultural trace of analysing spatial cluster in firm has being criticised based on the aforementioned criticisms ambiguities, unifies theoretical structure. The knowledge-base theory, as an innovation in the traditional and classical method tends to give explicit explanation to clustering through the exchanges of information among firms in a clustered stetting.This comes in the study of business transactions among firms that result in knowledge spill out. This knowledge spillouts usually does not only take place in formal meetings but through informal interactions among workers of different firms in the same locality. Knowledge-base cluster theory tends to show how firms in a cluster environment operate and co mpete through learning processes derived from the agglomerated existence.

ISIS CAMPAIGN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ISIS CAMPAIGN - Essay Example is absolute and when such freedom is abused and already poses a threat to national security, such freedom should be regulated to the effect of asking these social media companies not to be used as a medium by ISIS to recruit fighters from the West. To the end of social media companies, following this mandate of the US government is consistent with CRM or Corporate Responsible Management where the company refuses to be used as a tool of evil. Most media outfit no longer air or cover the propaganda materials of ISIS. In fact, ISIS beheading of people and burning of a Jordanian pilot was not aired not only due to its gruesome image but also as a responsible practice of journalism not to be used by terrorist organizations to spread their propaganda messages. Companies must do the same and should contribute to defeating and ending of terrorist organizations that had killed so many people and destroyed so many infrastructures including those important ones such as heritage structures. They should therefore ban any propaganda messages from ISIS in their

Buyer's Attitude & Marketing Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Buyer's Attitude & Marketing Strategies - Essay Example Country of origin (CoO) cues influence the buyer’s purchasing behaviour. This is recognized in the cognitive mediation process. It is based on the argument that beliefs about a product’s features or attributes are directly influenced by the product’s country of origin information. These influenced beliefs mediate changes in attitude toward the product. Strategically speaking, the country of origin cues is used to promote the products of one country in another. Japan literally spent billions of dollars in the United States to overcome the poor image that its products had in the United States after World War II. Although total Japanese success cannot possibly be attributed to successful of country of origin cues, they certainly played an important role. In fact, the cues or their variations are still playing a critical role in Japan’s success in United States Markets. Managing Country of Origin Perception Buyer attitudes toward certain countries can change, and this has important implications for global competitors. Both Japan and South Korea saw their products rise in esteem over a relatively short period of time. Now Japanese products score higher than U.S. or German products in some countries, including China and Saudi Arabia (Onkvisit, 2005). In recent years, a number of countries, including Portugal, Estonia, and Poland, have employed branding experts to help them project a better image. Finland even undertook a campaign to enhance its image as a center of high tech innovation, hoping that a better national image would help its high-tech companies in the U.S market. But countries must realize branding is more than hype, it must be backed by reality. Consequently, major changes in country brand image can take 20 years to achieve (Czinkota, 2007). Firms that suffer from a negative country of origin commonly settle for lower prices to offset perceptions of lower quality. However, there are a number of strategies that can improve buye r perception of the quality of products that suffer from a negative country of origin effect; A negative country of origin bias may be offset by using a channel that distributes already accepted complementary goods. Communication, marketing and persistence can eventually pay off. Production may be moved to a country with a positive country of origin effect. If it’s too difficult, key parts can be sourced from such countries. The country of origin effect does extend further. For example, the stereotyping relates just as much too developed countries (Gilligan,  2004). For example, there are strong associations between countries and the products that they are known for: Italy and pizza and Germany and Machine tools. Overcoming these stereotypes is often the first challenge for international marketers who must prove that their product does not reinforce negative stereotypes. This is particularly important as customers become more knowledgeable (Cateora, 2002). For example, many new car buyers know where their can has been designed and manufactured as well as the country of origin of the brand. Increasing, of course, the MNE’s headquarters, the brands perceived home, the location of product design and places of manufacture may all be in different countries. Many MNE’s such as Nike are marketing, not manufacturing companies and source products from many countries (Muhlbacher,  2006). Their brand becomes the ‘badge of quality’

Ismg 3000 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ismg 3000 - Essay Example Both of them may be right from their own perspective. It may be that the system can work with proper management or there may be need to change the system according to the needs of Calder. Both of them appear to be right in their own way which makes it difficult to decide. However if I were to choose I will Calder as the arguments presented by Calder are more convincing. Capability Maturity Model is a process improvement approach. This model is used to rate organizations according to their maturity levels. Maturity levels depend upon the standardization or process in the organization. These processes can be varied such as software engineering, risk management, personnel management etc. There are five levels of CMM – The structure of CMM consists of maturity levels, Key process areas, Goals, Common features and key practices. Every maturity level described above has some key process areas which need to be focused upon in order to reach the maturity level. Each key process area has goals common features and key practices associated with it. The core idea in â€Å"Agile† approach to project management is rapid and flexible response to any change in the project. In order to ensure this the agile approach encourages teamwork, collaboration and the ability to alter the process throughout the life cycle of the project. Agile projects do not involve long term planning. They break down the project into small iterations or time periods. Iteration usually lasts from 1 to 4 weeks. During each iteration all the teams involved in project such as planning, designing, coding, testing work simultaneously and in close collaboration with each other. This easily allows for changes in the project after each iteration .Agile gives importance to face to face communication, flat hierarchical structures, small team size and constant communication with the customer. IT projects with more than 50% chances of failure are usually called as Death March projects. These are projects

Performance Analysis in Sport (Physiological profiling) Essay

Performance Analysis in Sport (Physiological profiling) - Essay Example This helps in creating training programs that are efficient and reliable in improving the performance of soccer players (Subic, Ujihashi and Fuss, 2008). The various tests done on soccer players must reflect the fitness requirements for these players, which includes speed, flexibility, aerobic endurance and speed endurance. This paper provides the physiological profile of a soccer player, and it focuses on the profile of a striker. A good body shape, weight, body composition and height is a physiological needs that professional football players usually need. Football players usually vary in height and weight, more so when ethnic backgrounds are considered. For example, research proves that Asian players are always small in size, when they are compared to European or African players. In soccer, mid-fielders are always smaller in size, while central defenders are always taller in size. In terms of weight, research denotes that professional football players normally have an average weight of 77.7kg, while their body shape is always muscular (Burke and Deakin, 2010). The body composition of these players is very important, because too much fat will affect their ability to move fast, and jump around. This is due to too much weight in their body. On this basis, footballers must always take care on what they eat, and the nutritional composition of their diets. Football players always need to have strong muscle strength (Gamble, 2012). Due to the muscular body shape of soccer players, they need to have strength on the upper parts of their bodies. In as much as this should be the case, research denotes that most of these players lack this type of strength. This is partly because most of their training programs do not have provisions on working on their upper parts of the body. Most of these programs concentrate on the lower parts of the footballers body (Madden, 2010). Need for an anaerobic power is an important need for

Saint Augustine Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Saint Augustine - Term Paper Example He attended school in both Thagaste and Carhage (Musick 11). The social life he experienced as a teenager was full of sins. The children were taught to value material things from the time they were in school. Augustine grew in this world, and this made him encounter sexual behavior at an early age (Augustine 7). Augustine also engaged in false philosophies. As a teenager, he valued material things rather than God and religion. However, he explains how his uncouth behavior was punished through having a disorderly, confused and full of grief life. Nevertheless, the youthful Augustine creates a passion for the quest of philosophical truth. He also developed an interest in learning the â€Å"doctrines of manichaeism, skepticism and neoplatonism† (Wills 23). In his confessions, he incorporated catholic theology with neoplatonic concepts. Augustine’s movements from Thagate and Carthage and between Rome and Milan did not free him from doubts about Catholicism and its doctrines. He joined the catholic religion because his mother was from a catholic faith (Wills 24). Filled with doubts about the catholic religion he pursues a career in teaching of rhetoric, he later resented this job claiming that it was a waste of ideas. He also condemns his habit of being involved in sexual behavior at an early age and other sinful activities. When he visited Milan, he decided to embark on Catholicism as his only true faith (Wills 24). Nonetheless, the subject of baptism and abstinence from sex was still difficult for him. He had difficulties in devoting himself fully into the catholic faith. However, he gets full change in his Milan garden and he converts to a staunch and faithful catholic (Musick 12). The final four chapters of his book were based mostly on religious and philosophical concepts of â€Å"memory (Book X), time and eternity (Book XI), and the explanation of the Book of Genesis (Books XII and XIII)†. Even though, he changes the

Thomas Jefferson and the New American Nation Essay

Thomas Jefferson and the New American Nation - Essay Example Usage of terms such as â€Å"necessary† creates an impression of the strong need for the Americans to take the proposed action, which is well connected to their human nature. The line, â€Å"One people† can be translated to send a strong message that the Americans and the British were different people brought together politically and breaking the â€Å"political bands† which was a necessity for the survival of the Americans. This choice of words was intended to capture the attention of America’s friends (Dolbeare & Cummings 49-52). However, there is one line in the Declaration that gathers much controversy and debate. The usage of the line, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among them are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness† poses an intention that could have well been deeply thought to bring a diverse interpretation by the Americans, the British and possible allies who could assist the Americans in their quest for independence. This line consists of a group of principles pertaining to human rights that are naturally and rhetorically read and interpreted together. The principles brought out include: of equity; inalienability of the rights; examples of the rights; and an implication of the necessity that the government should secure these rights and the right of the people to abolish abusive governments (â€Å"Declaration of Independence†). It can be said that Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence wills not only the freedom but the establishment of an equal footing within the American soil once the colonial powers are put to rest. However, the sound and uplifting message of such line â€Å"†¦ that all men are created equal†¦Ã¢â‚¬  is, in one way, problematic up to this day.  

Topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

Topic - Essay Example The countries that may be taking this place may include China and India. Therefore, in spite of the advancement of the U.S, which ought to support the most important aspects such as education, the country’s education system is lagging behind due to reasons that can be resolved through development of better policies. One of the reasons behind this deterioration is that the Americans students are not being taught the relevant subjects. Here, the system is teaching today’s students yesterday’s subjects. The world has developed and the system keeps on teaching the same issues making the American students unfit for the workplace. This is the reason why the employers in the U.S have been finding it difficult to get the skills that they require in the workplace. This may be the key reason why students from other countries have been getting employment easily in the U.S and the unemployment rates in the country continue to rise. Therefore, for this reason, employers are finding it easier to outsource from foreign countries than from the U.S (Kaminski). Additionally, the American education is the easiest worldwide. This implies that it does not challenge the students but involves reading of a script and sitting for an exam. However, it does not teach the students the skills that they will require in the workplace as well as the resilience required in the modern business world, which is highly competitive. The American students are taught to follow what has been the behaviour of previous generations instead of showing them how to question what has been taking place throughout history. This has been reducing their capabilities to be innovative and creative when they join the employment world. In addition, the lack of challenging education has been denying them the chance to get problem resolution and decision making skills, which are crucial to the employers and form the requirements for working in modern business environments

Social work practice with small system Case Study - 1

Social work practice with small system - Case Study Example Critical analysis of the two parties to the dispute gives Khailia Richards advantage on the case. In line with the ethical principles of social workers, Social Justice must take precedence in resolving this case. Khaila is the biological mother of Isaiah and became a victim of the circumstance from existing socio-economic gap which landed her in crack addiction. It is therefore important to give fair judgment in favor of her without the possibility of social discrimination based on her race, poverty, class, ethnicity among others. In that regard, my client is Khailia Richards. This is due to her vulnerability to unfair judgment based on socio-economic discrimination (Dolgoff, Loewenberg & Harrington, 2009). Multicultural assessment may be carried out through oral interview with individual family members of the parties to this dispute. The obtained data would be taken for analysis to establish the existing differences in the two system patterns. Sound intervention plan would require application of strength perspective versus pathological viewpoint. It is evident that despite crack addiction and abandonment of the baby, Khailia Richards made efforts to come back and find him out. This is the point that her strength of parental feeling and emotional attachment with Isaiah can be built on to draw plans for her in recovering over the incidence. This aspect of emphasizing on strength rather than focusing on problem constitutes strength perspective which very relevant to the case under question. On the other hand, pathological perspective asses the genetic or racial connection with criminal activities. Since Khailia is an African America with significant predisposition to criminal activities, it is important to put in place strategic plan that will help her engage in a serious commitment. The plan for Margaret Lewin’s family would include providing a guidance and counseling session with them on how to

Components of Economy Essay Example for Free

Components of Economy Essay Human activities which generate income are known as economic activities. All the economic activities are classified into three categories viz. primary, secondary and tertiary. Activities that are directly associated with environment are known as primary activities as they refer to utilization of natural resources like land, water, vegetation, minerals etc. When primary goods are used to produce some other articles or commodities, either manually or by machines, then this activity is known as secondary activity. For both primary and secondary activities, we require a substantial amount of support services which are known as tertiary activities. 1.Primary Activities People engaged in primary activities are called red collar workers due to outdoor nature of their work. Agriculture, fishing, live-stock rearing, mining are some of the examples of primary activities. In most of the developing countries including India, primary activities still provide substantial earnings especially in rural areas. These activities are important as they provide livelihood for the human beings and are backbone of industry as most of the raw materials are provided by them. Many countries in Africa and Asia and some parts of Europe and the USA are heavily dependent on this sector for economic development. 2.Secondary Activities These activities add value to natural resources by transforming raw materials into valuable and useful products. Secondary activities, thus, are concerned with manufacturing, processing and construction (infrastructure) industries. Thus, there is some mutual dependency between primary and secondary activities. Secondary activities, thus require human skills, technology, funds, mechanization, electricity or other form of power. 3.Tertiary Activities Tertiary activities are related to the service sector. All those activities which provide support to primary and secondary activities and link the producers and consumers are called as tertiary activities. The main difference between secondary and tertiary activities is that the expertise provided by tertiary or service sectors relies more heavily on specialized skills, experience and knowledge of workers rather than on the production techniques, machinery and factory processes. Transportation, trade, banking, communication, insurance are some of the examples of such services. This sector is growing at a phenomenal rate in India and provides attractive employment opportunities.

Action Plan for Developing Discovery Skills

Action Plan for Developing Discovery Skills Eunice Joy Gajjala Introduction Covey, S. R. (2004, p. 171). With people, little things are big thing. In some people, Innovation comes by birth. Some develop their innovative skills by learning and practicing. If they get the enough support from their family and friends, they would become the supervisors of the company and make it a huge success with their innovative skills. Five skills make the innovators unique from others. Ordinary people must acquire these skills to become creative. Associating Observing Questioning Networking Experimenting Action Plan An individual can become an innovative person by developing the following the below guidelines Reviewing Priorities Assess your Discovery skills Identify a compelling innovative challenge Practice your discovery skills Get a coach Before undergoing any task, first, we must assign the priorities for the tasks that we must complete on time. There are things which need to be met by giving high priority with respect to time, and there are things that can be delayed. We must plan, analyze, execute and implement them as per the strategies to achieve the goal. After assigning the priorities, we must work on strengths and weakness of our delivery and discovery skills. Later, we must work on the task in which we are facing challenges. This may be a personal challenge or an innovative challenge. Make a plan to practice the discovery skills to become innovative After choosing the challenges, we must work hard on the problems. Practice all the five discovery skills to overcome the problem. The first step for practicing is questioning. Try to improve the questioning skills Questions storming activities. Later identify the strongest skill that you possess and practice it. A coach or a mentor would always be helpful to motivate us in developing the discovery skills. Ethical Impact Back Biting is the issue that impacts the organization. Employees will reveal the secrets of one organization to the other one which is known as the internal threat to the company. It usually occurs due to the dissatisfaction in the current organization. This kind of behavior is usually resolved by broadening the emotional intelligence and by making the employees follow the ethical culture of the company. Ethical Framework Covey, S. R. (2004, p.348), I suggest three ways to develop spiritual intelligence: first, integrity-being true to ones highest values, convictions and conscience, and having a connection with the Infinite; second, meaning-having a sense of contribution to people and to causes; and third, voice-aligning our work with our unique talents or gifts, and our sense of calling. To overcome the ethical issue of back biting, spiritual intelligence has to be build up in the employees. Managers have to involve in this process. We can avoid the internal threats to the company by building up the emotional intelligence in the current employees. As said by Covey, we can develop the spiritual intelligence by integrity, meaning and voice aligning. Developing Discovery skills in Next Generation Technology is developing day by day, so as the innovation. Consider, Mark Zuckerberg, he used to sit on the last bench in his schooling, he was not soo studious, but even then now he became the CEO of the worlds number one social networking site, i.e., Facebook. He achieved this position with his innovative and discovery skills. It is the responsibility of the adults to improve the discovery skills in the children. The above diagram represents the leading innovation of a person with others. We must encourage the next generation through the developing as well as the risk-taking skills.   Ã‚   Sawhney, M. (2016, para. 1), A company can innovate along any of 12 different dimensions with respect to its (1) offerings, (2) platform, (3) solutions, (4) customers, (5) customer experience, (6) value capture, (7) processes, (8) organization, (9) supply chain, (10) presence, (11) networking, and (12) brand. A company can choose many ways to innovate. Each organization follows its strategies and policies to innovate. My Dyer-Discovery and Delivery Skills This table represents my Dyer-Discovery and Delivery Skills, The discovery skills are 38 and the delivery skills are 39. I almost possess equal discovery and delivery skills. Conclusion Dyer, J., Gregersen, H., Christensen, C. M. (2011, p. 221). Innovative leaders know innovation doesnt just happen, but requires a significant time commitment. Along with the five discovery skills, we must also possess the time commitment to become innovative. Observing the things and challenging the tough tasks by taking the risks are the common commitments of the innovative people. One most develop these skills by following the questioning strategy to become innovative. References    Sawhney, M. (2016). 12 Different Ways for Companies to Innovate. Retrieved February 27, 2017, from https://hbr.org/product/12-different-ways-for-companies-to-innovate/SMR207-PDF-ENG Covey, S. R. (2005). The 8th habit: From effectiveness to greatness. New York, NY: Free Press. {ISBN: 9780743287937} Dyer, J., Gregersen, H., Christensen, C. M. (2011). The innovators DNA: Mastering the five skills of disruptive innovators. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Review Press. {ISBN: 9781422134818}

Language Teacher Response

Language Teacher Response Teachers questioning Strategies in EFL classrooms 1) What type of questions does the teacher use? 2 Is there a predominance of any particular type(s)? 3) What modification techniques does s/he employ when questions are not understood? 4) How much L2 production do questions generate from the learners? Questioning is considered by researchers as one of the commonly used strategies in language classrooms. Questions are a very important aspect of classroom talk and teachers talk is largely made up of questioning (Tsui 1995). Educational studies on language classrooms have focused on the effect of teacher questions on learners production of the target language and on the types of learner response (Tsui 1995). Teachers questions are a means of engaging learners attention, encouraging verbal responses, and assessing learners progress (Chaudron 1988). Tsui (1995) has elaborated the functions of questions as a source of checking students understanding, to confirm if they have gained the knowledge imparted, to focus their attention, make them involved in the lesson, to take the lesson forward and some teachers ask questions to maintain discipline in the classroom and especially in language classroom questions serve the purpose of making students practice a certain language item and to use the target language for communication. Questioning can either assist target language production or result in meaningful content-related responses by learners (Chaudron 1988). Ellis (1994) gives more emphasis on questioning as a way of keeping control over the classroom discourse. Long (1981) argues that questioning probably facilitates interaction by establishing the topic and who is likely to speak next (Chaudron 1988). Questions provide learners with the opportunity to speak the language and generate a series of follow up conversation among learners as well as helping teacher to check comprehension (Brown 1994).But on the other hand Chaudron (1988) is of the opinion that the nature of questions may strictly limit the possibilities for the students to respond at length. According to Tsui (1995) in majority of the ESL classrooms main part of classroom interaction is created by the teacher posing questions and these can be nearly 70 percent of the classroom talk. But Chaudron (1988) attributes only 20 t0 40 percent classroom talk to questioning. Johnston (1990) observed a total of 522 questions of different types in three hours of language class. Similarly, Long and Sato (1983) observed a total of 938 questions in six ESL lessons (Ellis 1994). Types of Questions The type of questions that the teacher asks affects the kind of response that the students produce (Tsui 1995) Much of the work on questions has centered on developing taxonomies to describe the different types (Ellis, 1994:587). There are so many different types of questions that it is difficult to decide on different categories (Richards and Lockhart 1996, Ellis 1994). However, Tsui (1995) argues that various types of questions are based on the factors such as their cognitive demand and their effect on students. Closed and Open Question Closed and Open-ended questions are distinguished by an early study on L1 classrooms (Barnes 1969 cited in Chaudron 1988). In the earliest classification Barnes (1969; 1976) Closed questions have a short and fixed answer (Barnes 1969). The questions that begin with where, who, when and what are considered factual questions (Barnes 1969 cited in Tsui 1995) having closed and usually brief set of responses (Chaudron 1988). For example Where were you born? (Chaudron 1988) Open questions begin with why and how and are classified having longer response therefore the length and nature of the expected response is left open (Chaudron 1988). They can be referred as general information questions (cf. Naiman et al. 1978; Bialystok et al. 1978 cited in Chaudron 1988). For example What did you do on trip? (Chaudron 1988) Questions that seek for reason (how? and why?) can be both open and close, much of the distinction is made by Barens (1969) between these two types of reasoning questioning (Ellis 1994). Closed reasoning-type questions are the ones that allow one acceptable answer where as open are framed to allow a number of different acceptable responses. However, Barens also points out that many questions have the appearance of being open, but, in fact, when the teachers response to a students answer is examined, turn out to be closed; he calls these pseudo-questions'( Ellis 1994). Long and Satos Taxonomy (1983) The taxonomy which will be used in this research paper is given by Long and Sato (1983) which is based on Kearsleys (1976) framework of question types (Ellis 1994). Long and Sato (1983) made necessary changes in Kearsleys (1976) taxonomy of question types according to their study of ESL teachers questions (Ellis 1994). This taxonomy cited by Ellis (1994) is as follows: Echoic Comprehension checks e.g., All right?; OK?; Does everyone understand polite? Clarification requests e.g., What do you mean?; I dont understand; What? Confirmation checks e.g., S: Carefully. T: Carefully?; Did you say he? Epistemic Referential e.g. Why didnt you do your homework? Display e.g. Whats the opposite of up in English? Expressive e.g. Its interesting the different pronunciations we have now, but isnt it? Rhetorical: e.g. Why did I do that? Because I This framework of questions is based on two main question types, echoic questions and epistemic questions with seven sub-categories. Echoic questions seek for repetition of an utterance or confirm that it has been understood by the listener whereas epistemic questions obtain information from the learners (Ellis 1994). The sub-categories include comprehension checks, clarification requests and confirmation checks under echoic questions and referential, display, expressive, and rhetorical are the sub-categories of epistemic questions (Ellis 1994). Display and Referential Questions Taxonomies by Koivukari (1987) and Hakansson and Lindberg (1988) Questioning Behavior Questions and learner production Modification of questions According to Richards and Lockhart (1996) questioning can be used to allow the learners to keep participating in the discourse and even modify it so that the language used becomes more comprehensible and personally relevant. Wait Time Socio-Cultural Contest

john hancock :: essays research papers

Schizophrenia What You Need to Know Schizophrenia is a serious disorder which affects how a person thinks, feels and acts. Someone with schizophrenia may have difficulty distinguishing between what is real and what is imaginary; may be unresponsive or withdrawn; and may have difficulty expressing normal emotions in social situations. Contrary to public perception, schizophrenia is not split personality or multiple personality. The vast majority of people with schizophrenia are not violent and do not pose a danger to others. Schizophrenia is not caused by childhood experiences, poor parenting or lack of willpower, nor are the symptoms identical for each person. What causes schizophrenia? The cause of schizophrenia is still unclear. Some theories about the cause of this disease include: genetics (heredity), biology (the imbalance in the brain’s chemistry); and/or possible viral infections and immune disorders. Genetics (Heredity). Scientists recognize that the disorder tends to run in families and that a person inherits a tendency to develop the disease. Schizophrenia may also be triggered by environmental events, such as viral infections or highly stressful situations or a combination of both. Similar to some other genetically-related illnesses, schizophrenia appears when the body undergoes hormonal and physical changes, like those that occur during puberty in the teen and young adult years. Chemistry. Genetics help to determine how the brain uses certain chemicals. People with schizophrenia have a chemical imbalance of brain chemicals (serotonin and dopamine) which are neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters allow nerve cells in the brain to send messages to each other. The imbalance of these chemicals affects the way a person’s brain reacts to stimuli--which explains why a person with schizophrenia may be overwhelmed by sensory information (loud music or bright lights) which other people can easily handle. This problem in processing different sounds, sights, smells and tastes can also lead to hallucinations or delusions. What are the early warning signs of schizophrenia? The signs of schizophrenia are different for everyone. Symptoms may develop slowly over months or years, or may appear very abruptly. The disease may come and go in cycles of relapse and remission. Behaviors that are early warning signs of schizophrenia include: Hearing or seeing something that isn’t there A constant feeling of being watched Peculiar or nonsensical way of speaking or writing Strange body positioning Feeling indifferent to very important situations Deterioration of academic or work performance A change in personal hygiene and appearance A change in personality Increasing withdrawal from social situations

Too Much, Too Soon Essay -- Diseases, Disorders

Children are full of energy naturally, but there are some people who determined this to be a problem. According to Julian Haber, â€Å"More than 90 percent of methylphenidate (Ritalin) is produced and prescribed for children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder† (2). Doctors, teachers, and parents who support this medication claim that it helps children focus their energy and stay task oriented. However, they should also take a close look at possible long term effects this type of medication may have mentally and physically. Children today are tomorrow’s adults so it is critical to make the right choices when dealing with the future. American children are being prescribed medication for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) more than ever before because this is a relatively new disease, which contributes to the lack of options available for treatment and creates a greater chance of not only being over diagnosed but also misdiagnosed. ADHD is a name that is becoming more relevant in households across America. The characteristics that define ADHD have been around as long as mankind. This disease is defined as: â€Å"a childhood mental disorder with onset before 7 years of age and involving impaired or diminished attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity† (Mosby’s Medical Dictionary 166). There have always been differences in people that allow some to be more/less outgoing, more/less focused, or more/less impulsive. The change is not the actions of people with these differences, rather, the change comes from the perception of society as a whole and whether this behavior is acceptable or not. A child that is accompanied with erratic behavior is viewed as a problem and the assumption is occasionally made ... ...cine were not available and this gives most people an open mind about taking medication but there must be extreme caution used when dealing with something as potent as certain medications. The main goal is to prepare future generations for success and provide a clear understanding to children about when it is necessary to take medication and when it is not. Doing the right thing starts with the leaders of today. Works Cited Breggin, Peter R. Talking Back To Ritalin. Revised ed. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Publishing, 2001. 5, 6, 64. Print. Haber, Julian S. The Great Misdiagnosis ADHD. Dallas, Texas: Taylor Publishing Company, 2000. 2, 22. Print. "ADHD." Mosby's Medical Dictionary. 8th ed. 2009. 165-66. Print. Taylor, John F. The Hyperactive Child And The Family The Complete What-To-Do Handbook. Pickering, Ontario, Canada: Beaverbooks, 1980. 17, 61. Print.

Borders between countries should be banned Essay

In recent years, people discuss many issues in the world. One of them is borders between countries are reason of decline the world economy. However, there are many political reasons which prevent abolishment of borders. This essay will try to explain why borders between countries should be banned. There are several reasons why borders between countries should be banned. Firstly, they impede trades between countries because, countries use different commercial laws. Secondly, borders prevent free movement of capitals in the world. For example, multinational companies should take permission from a country to transfer their capital to another country. Finally, human capitals are prohibited free movement between countries. For example, workers in low-income countries cannot work in developed countries without work visa. All of these can be reasons why borders between countries should be banned. On the other hand, there are opponents who said that borders between countries should be remained because, they have political differences. In addition, some said that borders help to protect a homeland from enemies. It means clear borders can be help any country if has a war. Finally, there are some countries which have special region such as Makah in Saudi Arabia cannot non-Muslim visit this region. All of these can be a reason for borders between countries. In conclusion, it is obvious the borders between countries have substantial reasons. However, the borders impede trade between countries and prevent free movement of human capitals. second example In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of travelers around the world. Without a doubt, there are a number of people discuss the issue that borders between countries should be banned or not. It is an important issue because it concerns economic questions, globalisation and culture. This essay will try to explain why borders between countries

Marriage and Affianced Pair Essay

1. Identify and describe the folkways that happened in your hometown during the last ten years and compare it today. Include the dressing, relationship between parents and children and the customs and traditions. 1. Mano Po – Blessing of the hand/ means â€Å"right† [opposite of â€Å"left†] and po is a word you say to show respect. Before – Usually, it’s the kids who execute the â€Å"Mano Po† although adults will also do this especially when visiting their parents, or the parents of their girlfriend. Now – the kids are not using â€Å"Mano Po† and it seems that some kids today are disrespectful to elders. But some kids are â€Å"Sosyal† because instead of using â€Å"Mano Po†, they’re just kiss their parents or elders to show their respect. 2. Po and Opo – Kind of respect you use among elders in the Filipino culture. It’s also a custom provided in the Philippines. Opo is actually 2 words. PO and o. O generally means yes or what. Po is just added on to certain sentences in Tagalog to mean respect for older people. Before – kids are saying Po and Opo to elders to show their respect. Now – some kids are not saying Po and Opo that’s why it shows that they are disrespectful. 3. Bayanihan – Filipino term taken from the word bayan, referring to a nation, town or community. The whole term bayanihan refers to a spirit of communal unity or effort to achieve a particular objective. Before – people are helping each other to achieve a particular objective. Now – they do not help each other and sometimes they don’t care if you need help. 4. Harana – an old Filipino courtship tradition of serenading women, probably a Spanish influence. It has been practiced mostly in rural areas and small towns. Before – The man, usually accompanied by his close friends, goes to the house of the woman he is courting and plays music and sings love songs to her. Now – Serenade is not popular. Because today, you can court a girl by simply texting her or sending a text messages or court a girl even in other gadgets or through technology and a girl can say yes to a boy through technology also. 5. Pamamanhikan – From the word panik [which means to ascend or to climb a house’s flight of stairs], pamamanhikan is â€Å"the asking for the girl’s parents’ permission to wed the affianced pair.† The custom symbolizes honor and respect for the parents, seeking their blessing and approval before getting married. Before – the man is going to a woman’s house to ask for the girl’s parents’ permission to wed the affianced pair. Now – even if the man did not went to a woman’s house to ask girl’s parents’ permission to wed the affianced pair, the man can still marry the woman. And sometimes, the couple are going to marry each other not because they’re ready or they’re really love each other. But because they have a baby. 6. Wearing formal clothes to church Before – people who are going to church to attend a mass are wearing a formal clothes. They are wearing long sleeves or t-shirts, pants, and dresses. Now – people who are going to church to attend a mass are wearing informal clothes. They are wearing clothes that are spaghetti straps and almost see their cleavage, mini skirts or shorts, sando’s, and sometimes they are wearing cap. 7. Saying please, thank you and excuse me Before – people who have hurt anyone would say I’m sorry; people who have received goods would say thank you; and people who have a favour or request would say please. Now – people who have hurt anyone wouldn’t say I’m sorry; people who have received goods wouldn’t say thank you; and people who have a favour or request wouldn’t say please. 2. List and compare the values of the past Filipino culture as to how it is practiced in our generation. (provide examples) 1. Tattoos used to be a big practice. There are very few left who can do the traditional tattooing. It is said that a ring of tattoo is done for every war you survive/ every man you kill. It starts from the ankles, and extends to the forehead. You have to at least reach the neckline to become a chieftan. 2. Male Circumcision is also a tradition handed down, and it is still being continued today. 3. Some people still give dowrys. Unlike dowry for westerners (which is given by females), dowry in the Philippines is offered by the groom to the bride’s family to show how much he values their daughter, or literally, how much he is willing to give to get her hand in marriage. It’s not practiced much now, except for some regions. 4. Filipino cultural values are centered around family and the Roman Catholic Church. Filipinos’ home life centers around family. Elders in the family are highly respected and generally live in the homes of the adult children. Children often reside in their parents’ home until marriage. Many social activities are based around family. 5. Filipinos are known to be devout Roman Catholics. Their Good Friday processions are world-famous for including re-enactments of the Crucifixion. All major religious holidays are observed and celebrated. Churchgoing in the Philippines is often not restricted to just Sundays; many Filipinos attend daily Mass, although this trend is decreasing.

Hlt 205 Policy Interview Analysis

HLT 205 November 14, 2012 Policy Interview and Analysis The medical care delivery component setting that was explored is a health care health center. The guideline associated subjects that I acknowledged at this health center were linked to statements owed attempts. Many of the problems occurred like this: †¢ Imperceptible expenses, for example statements pending in inflated figures. Clarification to problem is detailed billing. †¢ Considerable figures billed for undersized quantity, for example an instrument for measuring temperature. Clarification to problem is to have a personal set. Dual charges should be a requirement in the cost of every appointment, for example latex material applied to inspect an individual. Clarification of problem is to observe that charges were not made. Individuals billed should comprehend the charges. †¢ Equalized charges are physicians pre-arranged by organizations that offer coverage. If an individual is forced to use a physician not in coverage, individual can be billed extra. Clarification of problem is to verify if the physician will accept current coverage provided by insurance company before administration by physician. Expenses more for the not covered are exercises billed to insured in direction of protecting the not covered. Clarification of the problem if individuals are not covered, inquire for reduction of bill for paying by cash. †¢ Billing for aid organization is an income tax itemization for health care centers. Necessity of attending individuals of low income and homeless should be communicated to Medicaid. †¢ Persistently tracking balances due is then a charge not compensated, and the individuals is reassigned to an organization that collects debt.A clarification is to make available a reimbursement plan comfortable for the individual at very small gain. †¢ Billing preparation guiding principles are not consistent and every individual has a different case. Clarification to the problem is to bill every individual the same for every type of procedure as others have received, although problematic disparities persist on every individual. †¢ Guiding principles are not current and efficient. A clarification of the problem is to have an organization that evaluates the guidelines to make sure that no mistakes are made. Re-current variation of personnel is a setback for the reason that employees are not directed for a considerable amount of time to comprehend the demand for payment for the health center. Provided above was a list of policy examples for statement collection of the health center. My brother is a source from this health center and several of his concerns among these statement collections are individual disappointment because the lack of attention that they apply for his or her own health, the lack of attention to report back to the physician of any issues and not properly taking recommended medicine.The problem persists and is directing toward troubles ome health circumstances may escalate the bill for the individual. Health care demand for payment can be an issue, especially for new staff not properly trained; â€Å"mindfulness of proper vocabulary in descriptive detail will allow for enhanced recording† according to Heidelbaugh, Riley, M, & Habetler, (2008); individuals can make errors and not appropriately charge patients the correct amount, electronic collections have helped with the process of billing an individual correctly.References Garcia, Joe M. Email interview, retrieved Monday, November 14,2012 Heidelbaugh, J. J. , Riley, M. , & Habetler, J. M. (2008). 10 billing & coding tips to boost your reimbursement. (Cover story). Journal Of Family Practice, 57(11), 724-730.

Presidents and Their Decisions Essay

The book â€Å"Presidents and Their Decisions: Richard M. Nixon† is an assortment of essays written by many very well known social and political giants of Washington who either praised Nixon or criticized him. Nixon was a driven individual of high intelligence who emerged from humble beginnings and was willing to behave ruthlessly in order to secure power and influence. Nixon, who took office in 1969, had an instinctive bent toward foreign affairs and was a realists who believed that the United States should pursue a foreign policy closely aligned with the country’s national interests rather than one directed mainly by ideological and moral concerns, as these had contributed to a proliferation of foreign commitments, heightened Cold War tensions and created a tendency to see the world in simplistic black and white categories. In domestic affairs, inflation was President Nixon’s most persistent economic problem. Initially, he tried to cut federal expenditures, but the annual budget deficits of his administration grew to become the largest in history up to that time. In 1971 and 1973 the administration devalued the dollar in an attempt to achieve a balance of trade. Despite his well known to government controls, Nixon initiated his New Economic Policy, which included unprecedented peacetime controls on wages and prices. With the opportunity to appoint four Supreme Court justices, the President was able to redirect the court toward the strict constructionism he espoused. The book details from the outset how Nixon wanted to extricate the United States from the bloodletting of Vietnam. It ended up alternating between expanding the war with intensifying the bombing campaign and by bringing about the slow withdrawal of American troops under the aegis of â€Å"Vietnamisation†. The latter was but a veil for American defeat, and despite the signing of the Paris peace accords in 1973 South Vietnam crumbled under the weight of the communist onslaught two years later. Yet the Saigon regime had been abandoned more by a congress weary of international exertions than by the White House. The writers also go on to discuss the East West detente that was more productive. By opening the Soviet Union to Western influence, detente eroded communism’s hold on its people at home and abroad. This development would make itself felt mainly in the following decade. Arms control agreements helped to moderate the nuclear arms race and was a Cold War first. However, detente provoked particular controversy among those who held that negotiating with the Soviets was immoral and who sought with some success to impede its development. The Cold War reasserted itself with a vengeance in the late 70’s. The book discusses the diplomatic approach to Communist China in 1972 and how it was a landmark opening in modern United States diplomatic history and gave Washington more room for diplomacy in relation to Moscow. Only Nixon, with his well established anti-communist credentials, could have engineered the opening without generating a conservative outcry in the United States. Nixon, along with Kissinger, tilted towards the repressive state of Pakistan in the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971 and was driven by calculations of Cold War geopolitics rather than by the reality that the conflict was primarily a regional one. Among other things discussed, the tilt sullied the administration’s reputation and its credibility with the press. American complicity in the overthrow of the democratically elected, left-wing politician in Chile in 1973 was derived from exaggerated fears of the South Americans leader’s capacity to compromise American security interests. This also contradicted Washington’s traditional commitment to national self-determination. Nixon wanted to use foreign affairs to distract the American public from the Watergate scandal and after his resignation in 1974 he had some success in rehabilitating his reputation by presenting himself as an elder statesman. In the years following his resignation, there was much controversy stemming in part from his pardon. There was question as to whether a president could pardon one who had not been convicted, whether the pardon was granted in the spirit of healing the wounds of the scandal or of patching over. Another area of controversy discussed was the question of Nixon’s alleged profit from misconduct. This was in receiving giant sums for interviews and books. But then again wouldn’t the question of conviction come into play? The book was very interesting and gave the reader a broad perspective of the presidency of Richard M. Nixon. As well as giving the reader a more objective look at a period in American History that so many have forgotten what really happened. I found the book easy to read and would recommend this book for any layperson as well as any student interested in political science. I felt it gave a very clear picture of Richard Nixon’s presidency both attributes and faults.

Identify the historical and cultural factors Essay

Identify the historical and cultural factors that contribute to the development of the learning perspective. To what extent is the learning perspective relevant today?  The study of how humans learn is a dominant component of the learning perspective. The study of behaviour in this perspective and is also commonly known as the Behaviouristic Approach, as they believe that behaviour is the only valid data in psychology. Behaviourism developed simultaneously in the United States and Russia in relation to many factors. Traditional Behaviourists believed that all organisms learn in the same way, and could be explained by the processes of classical and operant conditioning. Learning can be defined as a relatively permanent change in behaviour and/or knowledge that occurs as a result of practice and/or experience in the environment. Psychologists working within this perspective have investigated he ways in which behaviour changes, usually using laboratory experiments, and often-using non-human animals. The Learning perspective developed simultaneously in the United States and Russia with American Theorists John Watson, Albert Bandura and Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov.  The way in which behaviour can be observed is seen as being objectively or unbiased, and this is the opposite to the theory of introspection. The unreliability of the way in which subjective data is obtained in introspection is one of the main criticisms that lead to the rise of behaviourism. In introspection the data collected in said to be subjective and therefore biased in the sense that it comes from ones own mind. â€Å"Give me a dozen healthy infants†¦and my own specified world to bring them up in and I’ll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select – doctor, lawyer†¦and yes, even beggarman and thief.†1  John Watson 1913  Watson wrote an article titled ‘Psychology as the behaviourist views it.’ This article, which set out all main assumptions and principles, sparked the rise of the behaviourist movement in 1913. Albert Bandura was the major motivator behind the social learning theory, which included cognitive factors that were not incorporated by behaviourists, as they thought behaviour was almost entirely determined by the environment. Bandura suggests that much behaviour, including aggression, is learnt from the environment through reinforcement and the process of modelling. Bandura integrated cognitive influences and called his modified theory the social learning theory. Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, whilst conducting experiments on the digestive systems on dogs stumbled across the developed principles of classical conditioning. All these factors contributed to the advancement of the learning perspective, as we know it today. Key concepts of the perspective are classical and operant conditioning, social, latent and insight learning. All concepts are built from the historical and cultural factors that gave rise to the learning perspective. Findings after conduction of experiments show a remarkable relevance to today’s society and knowledge. Whether it is classical conditioning and relating findings to aversion therapy or operant conditioning’s relation to animal training or modifying behaviour through reinforcement and punishment. Therefore it is important to research experimenters who performed relevant experiments to relate their results to today. Classical condition is learning through association, which was accidentally found by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov was conducting experiments in relation to dogs digestive systems when he stumbled on, what is known as, classical conditioning. Pavlov noticed that dogs did not only salivate when food was placed in front of them, but they also salivated before the food was given to them, and was triggered by other factors such as upon hearing or seeing Pavlov, or the sound of footsteps. Pavlov then discovered that the anticipation of receiving the food made the dogs salivate. Pavlov then modified his experiment to test whether using a stimulus such as meat powder, which caused salivation, could be varied and a conditioned stimulus such as the ringing of a bell could also bring about the unconditioned response of salivation originally caused by being presented with the sight of the meat powder. Pavlov used a soundproof room, to minimise and limit extraneous variables so he could be sure that it was i.e. only the ringing of a bell that was affecting the salivation after the conditioned stimulus. John Watson performed another example of classical conditioning when he experimented on Little Albert in 1920. Behaviourists learning theorists such as Watson suggested that phobias were conditioned emotional responses. Certain stimuli, such as sudden loud noises, naturally cause fear reactions, and stimuli that become associated with them will acquire the same emotional responses. Little Albert was presented with a white laboratory rat to which he showed no fear response. Watson then associated the loud noise simultaneously with the presentation of the rat, Little Albert then associated fear with the rat, and was then able to generalise these response to other fluffy white objects. The study with Little Albert has serious ethical problems. Firstly that he participated in the experiment involuntary and without the consent of his mother. Also Watson reported that they hesitated about proceeding with the experiment but comforted themselves that Albert would encounter such traumatic associations when he left the sheltered environment of the nursery anyway. This is not a very good ethical defence, especially since they believed such associations might persist indefinitely and did not leave sufficient time to remove the fear afterwards, despite knowing that Albert was due to leave. Classical conditioning can be related to today with the development of therapies using classical conditioning techniques to extinguishing fear. The first technique of therapy is the systematic desensitation, which aims to extinguish the fear response of a phobia, and substitute a relaxation response to the conditional stimulus gradually, step by step. This therapy was developed mainly by Wolpe, who stated that in order for the fear to be removed gradually, a hierarchy of fear must be formed and ranked by the subject from least fearful to most fearful. The subject is then given training in deep muscle relaxation techniques so it can then be used at each stage of the hierarchy starting from the least fearful to the most and only progressing when the subject feels sufficiently relaxed. This method of treatment has a very high success rate with specific phobias, i.e. of particular animals. It is considered to work particularly well because the response of fear and relaxation is said to be impossible for them to exist at the same time. The second techniques of therapy are implosion and the flooding techniques, when both methods produce extinction of a phobia’s fear by the continual and dramatic presentation of the phobic or situation. Wolpe in 1960 forced a girl with a fear of cars into the back seat of a car and drove her around for 4 hours straight until her hysterical fear completely disappeared. Marks et al (1981) say that this kind of therapy works because eventually some stimulus exhaustion takes place, as you cannot scream forever and then the conditioned fear response extinguishes. The technique most similar to classical conditioning is called Aversion Therapy, and is most relevant to today’s treatment of alcoholism, smoking or overeating. The technique aims to remove undesirable responses to certain stimuli by associating them with aversive stimuli, in the hope that the undesirable responses will be avoided in the future. Aversion therapy has been used to treat alcoholism, for example the person is given alcohol with a nausea-inducing drug unsuspectingly, and should then feel sick. The person associates drinking with their intestinal distress and results found that two out of three people did not have any alcohol a year later. Although it has a high success rate, ethical considerations of deliberating causing discomfort to another person through deception must be taken into account. The limitation of this type of therapy is its difficulty to generalise to other situations from where the learning took place.

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Business Management And Leadership - Leading (U4GP) - Essay Example As a result, seven people were killed, â€Å"and a widespread panic ensued about how widespread the contamination might be† (Mallenbaker, 2008, pg. 1). What stuck in people’s minds was not the culprit, but the Tylenol name. Everyone began to associate Tylenol with the poisonings and, as a result, the company’s market share fell by $1 billion in a very short amount of time. â€Å"When the same situation happened in 1986, the company had learned its lessons well. It acted quickly - ordering that Tylenol should be recalled from every outlet - not just those in the state where it had been tampered with. Not only that, but the company decided the product would not be re-established on the shelves until something had been done to provide better product protection. As a result, Johnson & Johnson developed the tamperproof packaging that would make it much more difficult for a similar incident to occur in future† (Mallenbaker, 2008, pg. 1). Johnson & Johnson handled the crisis beautifully, but they paid a very high price. As previously mentioned, the company’s share price took a large hit when the crisis first occurred. In addition to that, the company suffered losses in production and products that they had to destroy as a result of the crisis. The good news is that the appropriate actions the company took were met with a high level of praise from the public. They have since become known as a consumer champion as a result of the actions they took to control the Tylenol product contamination case. According to Mallenbaker, â€Å"Within five months of the disaster, the company had recovered 70% of its market share for the drug - and the fact this went on to improve over time showed that the company had succeeded in preserving the long term value of the brand. In fact, there is some evidence that it was rewarded by consumers who were so reassured

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Red Hat or Suse - Research Paper Example The most annoying of Red hat is its slow running of applications even though it has a perfect architecture of its Gnome. The slowness may be as a result of the fact that thee general configuration is not okay as opposed to the Gnome itself. LINUX MARKET SHARE GENERAL COMPARISON Red hat’s theme of Bluecurve is not efficient since it does not hide that open source applications come from here. SUSE’s own window decoration together with KDE’s keramik icons are so efficient together thus KDE and Gnome applications blend in together very well. Another advantage going to SUSE is the fact that it is a very good working clipboard as opposed to the Red hat’s lack of an integrated copy and paste solution such that if a person wants to copy a text and try pasting it in another application, it usually ends in one finding the clipboard empty. Irritating is an understatement to this scenario. SUSE has integrated its system control tools much better than Red hat since the control tools are divided into two sets, one for the system hardware and it goes by the name YAST and the other one for KDE. Red hat on the other hand has very little or minimal control over hardware, the boot loader and the other areas/ parts of the system since the Gnome controls are scattered everywhere. The other similarities and differences are as follow in the statements and paragraphs below. Red hat Linux focuses on the attributes that follow: Offering a highly optimized application for large-scale, centrally-managed enterprise deployment, industry-leading virtualization performance, flexibility, security for both host and guest environment, the provision of a platform that offers clients access to better technology in the life time of the product, and provides the best efficiency with the latest generation of system which are scalable. There are various features that define Red Hat (Haynes, 2009). Such features, and which vary to some extent from Suse include the following: kernel and core technology stack, virtualization, performance, client/desktop, development, scalability, and security. The first features to examine is kernel and core technology stack. It provides the user with an updated core, including the operating system kernel, compiler and development tools, libraries, and drivers and not forgetting applications such as nfs, http, samba etc. It has been the leading developer and contributor of technology to the Linux kernel for many years and uses them to come up with a kernel that encompasses a comprehensive set of strength capabilities in the enterprise (Davenport, 2009). Its design allows for future capabilities to be included and incorporated into it without impacting certified applications and this is possible by keeping APIs/ ABIs stable. The benefit of this is that it provides a platform for future incorporation of the latest open source technologies in a state-of-the-art solution. ISVs enjoy a stable, flexible environment on which to launch and support their applications. Thus the end user achieve the maximum return on their investment in IT, with features that give the maximum and proper utilization of resources and rapid absorption of new technologies. Red

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The Future of the Music Industry - Assignment Example While the business spent numerous years opposing the rise of the internet as a supply and promotion technique for music, it was ultimately forced to identify it. The labels finally accredited music to iTunes and Apple (in addition to some other stores). It took them so long to make out that people needed DRM-free music; however, theyve lastly come around to identify that too. Anybody intrigue to predict the future of music sees different facets and factors. One of the main factors that can control music drifts are the musicians that create music (Hannan, 2001). The future music will probably be considerably diverse from the music we are at present used to. Artists disclose future drifts in this business since their individual tastes in addition to preferences are usually the main cause of most drifts that happen inside this industry. Customers inside this industry also portray drifts too though. Pakistani music with most recent leanings in the 21st century revitalized itself to be admired sound all through the world and region (Hannan, 2001). Through assessing the individual likes as well as dislikes of artists as they make their music and the fragile preferences of customers as they get their music, we can widen a moderately clear picture of what the viewpoint of the business will be. The only technique we can exactly predict the prospect of this industry is by joining deliberation of both customers and artists (Lankford, 2013). By assessing the predilections of both patrons, as well as artists, we can get an unambiguous picture of how the two noteworthy variables will influence future drifts. Modern musicians are focusing on scientifically sophisticated musical tools to produce their art, and the public is at present focusing on more scientifically sophisticated tools to access their music. By simply assessing the tendencies that musicians are taking, we can effortlessly

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MKT 301 MOD 2 CA - Essay Example Marketers position their brands in a distinct manner to ensure that the target consumers find a reason to purchase their products in preference to others. In position, a marketer identifies a target market for a product or service through the strategies of price, promotion, place and packaging (Cooper 25). Through constant use of a certain product brand, consumers develop relationships with the brand and it becomes a part of them. This paper examines the relationship consumers have with Hunt’s tinned tomatoes and Dr. Coldfinger’s medical services. It also determines if people have relationships with all brands and distribution of brands. Fournier argues that consumers have relationships with the brands they use. Fournier asserts that for consumers to have a relationship with brands, there must be some interdependence between the two. The characteristic of interdependence is enhanced to the scope that brands are humanized, personalized and somewhat animated (Fournier 344). In addition, just like the way relationships between people reflect common features between the two participants, brand relationships also do the same. Moreover, Fournier compares particular types of human relationships with brand relationships that are similar. The aspect of a brand as a relationship partner broadens the understanding of brands beyond the concepts of loyalty, brand satisfaction, brand personality and brand attitude. The objective of analyzing these concepts is to consider brands as contributing partners to the customer in the dyadic relationship. Fournier argues that brands can and often do serve as feasible relationships partners . The relationships between consumers and brands involve mutual exchange between interdependent partners and it is purposive in providing meaning to the people involved (Fournier 350). In addition, this relationship provides a variety of potential benefits to participants and with time, these interactions change according to fluctuations in the

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Event management to reach a strategic goal - Essay Example Active, performance of an organization for the purpose of creating required quality of organizational behavior. As we know organizational behavior may be created via trainings, motivation and even punishment sometimes. Any organization should accept proactive position in this context.Therefore, we defined the main factors that may influence organizational behavior. Now it is time to talk how organizational behavior is able to influence the overall performance of an organization. We are convinced that there is no need to explain that low degree of organizational behavior negatively influences the overall performance of a company or some other organization. That is why it is important to provide the channels via which organizational behavior may influence performance. In our opinion, among these channels the following ones can be pointed out:Productivity – the low degree of organizational behavior lowers productivity of employees;Corporate climate – inappropriate organiza tional behavior spoils corporate climate inside an organizations. Spoiled relations lower productivity once again;Inappropriate organizational behavior damages informational flows inside a company. Because of lack and low quality of information, wrong decisions are made and the whole organization suffers;There are usually conflicts between the managers, shareholders and employees. As a result an organization cannot move to a common goal. This factor slows down development of an organization.... The bigger an organization is – the greatest is the number of its employees. It means that relations between them have a lot of levels and can be really complicated. It is a significant challenge to create an appropriate organizational behavior in a big organization; The results of an organization’s performance. Bad results create negative corporate climate and environment. Respectively people are not in a good mood to think about some principles of appropriate behavior; Organizational structure. One of the best definitions of this term is the following. â€Å"Organizational structure is the framework, typically hierarchical, within which an organization arranges its lines of authority and communications, and allocates rights and duties. Organizational structure determines the manner and extent to which roles, power, and responsibilities are delegated, controlled, and coordinated, and how information flows between levels of management† (Organizational Structure D efinition). Quality of organizational behavior depends on a type and quality of organizational structure. In fact, better organizational structure means better organizational behavior; Industry and a type of performance/business. There are kinds of performance, where employees experience significant pressure and event stresses. That is why it is quite difficult to talk about some culture of organizational behavior in such conditions; The degree of professionalism of employees. We believe that higher professionalism and higher degree of education mean better quality of organizational behavior. People know the required values, respect them and try to implement on practice; Active, performance of an organization for the purpose of creating required quality of

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